validity’s criterion of witnesses’ testimony, rational confidence or obedient acceptance?

Psychiatric testimony for the impeachment of witnesses in sex cases.

Witnessing-condition heterogeneity and witnesses' versus investigators' confidence in the accuracy of witnesses' identification decisions.

Undergraduate participants were tested in 144 pairs, with one member of each pair randomly assigned to a "witness" role and the other to an "investigator" role. Each witness viewed a target person on video under good or poor witnessing conditions and was then interviewed by an investigator, who administered a photo line up and rated his or her confidence in the witness. Witnesses also (separate...

Sex offender testimony: junk science or unethical testimony?

Sexual predatorstatutes require thatanoffender beeval uated for civil commitment, after completing his penal sentence, by psychiatrists, psychologists, and other mental health professionals. These professionals are usually asked todetermine whether theoffender: (1) has been convicted of sexually violent predatory offenses against twoor morevictims; (2) has a "mentalor behav ioral abnormality" t...

The testimony of forensic identification science: what expert witnesses say and what factfinders hear.

This research examined how variations in the presentation of forensic science information affect factfinders' judgments in a trial. Participants read a summary of a murder case, the critical testimony being the results of a microscopic hair comparison given by a forensic expert. Across two experiments we manipulated how the expert expressed his results, whether he gave an explicit conclusion co...

Probiotics: an obedient ally or an insidious enemy?

e fi rst case of bloodstream infection by Pediococcus pentosaceus after the administration of a symbiotic formula to a critically ill patient is presented. Th e infection was successfully treated with ceftriaxone. Probiotics are increasingly used in the intensive care unit (ICU), mainly for the management of intractable diarrhea. As probiotics are living organisms, one risk following their admi...

Validation and Validation of Testimony of Anonymous Instances in the Criminal Procedure Code of Iran and Statute of the International Criminal Court

One of the measures taken to protect witnesses in the Statute of the International Criminal Court and the Code of Judicial Procedure of our country is to keep their identities secret. Both the defendant is important and the defendant's right can not be ignored for the sake of witness testimony or the defendant's defense rights were endangered and threatened without regard to witness safety. Reg...